首页 -> 2007年第2期
初中生心理应激及其与一般生活满意度的关系
作者:田丽丽 刘 旺 石孟磊
4.2 初中生心理应激与一般生活满意度的关系
本研究表明,初中生心理应激与一般生活满意度呈显著负相关,该结果与国外已有相关研究结果一致。Mccullough等[11]的研究发现,美国青少年的消极的日常生活事件和其主观幸福感具有显著的负相关。本研究发现,在中学生的七种心理应激源中,父母管教方式、同学朋友、社会文化、自我身心四种心理应激对一般生活满意度具有显著的负向预测作用。由该结果可以看出,亲子关系、同伴、自我、社会环境是影响青少年总体生活质量感知的重要因素。孙锋[12]的研究亦表明,当代中学生的心理困扰主要集中在“与家长的明显的心理冲突”、“同伴交往困难”、“自我感知到的性格缺陷”和“不良社会文化的影响”等方面。这些研究结果提示我们,今后可以围绕以上几方面开展工作来改善中学生的客观生活质量,提高其一般的生活满意度,促进青少年群体的健康成长。
5 结论
(1)男生承受来自教师、家庭环境、同学朋友、社会文化四个方面的压力高于女生。初中生的学习压力呈现出随年级的升高而增加的趋势。
(2)生活在关系很融洽家庭中的学生的学习压力和自我身心压力在三种家庭关系状况的学生中最低,家庭关系不融洽的学生承受来自家庭环境的压力高于家庭关系很融洽的学生。生活在单亲家庭中的学生承受来自父母管教方式和自我身心两方面的压力高于生活在几代同堂和核心家庭中的学生。
(3)初中生在父母管教方式、同学朋友、社会文化、自我身心四个方面的心理应激对一般生活满意度具有显著的负向预测作用。
参考文献
1 李百珍.青少年心理卫生与心理咨询. 北京:北京师范大学出版社,1997.16-28
2 王极盛,丁新华.初中生主观幸福感与生活事件的关系研究. 心理与行为研究, 2003,1(2):96-99
3 郑全全,陈树林.中学生应激源量表的初步编制.心理发展与教育,1999,15(4):45-49
4 郑全全,陈树林.中学生应激源量表手册.浙江大学心理与行为学院印制,2000
5 Huebner ES. Preliminary development and validation of a multidimensional life satisfaction scale for children. Psychological Assessment, 1994,6(2): 149-158
6 Huebner ES. Manual for the multidimensional students' life satisfaction scale (2001version). Columbia :University of South Carolina,2001.1-10
7 田丽丽,刘旺,Gilman R.国外青少年生活满意度研究概况.中国心理卫生杂志,2003,17(12):814-816
8 田丽丽,刘旺.多维学生生活满意度量表中文版的初步测试报告.中国心理卫生杂志,2005,19(5):301-303
9 中国共产主义青年团北京市委员会,北京市未成年人保护委员会,中国科学院心理研究所.聚焦新生代——第一次未成年人现状调查报告.北京:北方交通大学出版社,2001. 222,224
10 余欣欣,蒋光晖,何友锋等.桂林市初中生应激生活事件调查.基础教育研究,2001,12:40-41
11 Mccullough G, Huebner ES, Laughlin JE. Life events, self-concept, and adolescents positive subjective well-being. Psychology in the Schools, 2000,37(3):281-290
12 孙锋.当代中学生的心理困扰:调查与分析.云南师范大学学报(教育科学版),2000,1(2):9-12
A Research on the Characteristics of Psychological
Stress and Its Relationship with General Life
Satisfaction in Junior High School Students
TIAN Lili1 LIU Wang1,2 SHI Menglei3
(1. Department of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou,510631;
2. Department of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062;
3. School of Psychology,Beijing Normal University, Beijing,100875)
Abstract
Purpose:To investigate the characteristics of psychological stress and its relationship with general life satisfaction in junior high school students. Methods:431 junior high school students are measured with Source of Psychological Stress Scale and Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale. Results:(1) Boys get higher scores than girls on the aspects of teachers, family environment, peers and society-culture. With grades being higher, the students tend to have higher study stress. (2) The students who live in harmonious families get the lowest scores on learning pressure and physical and mental pressure among students coming from the three kinds of families. The students who live in inharmonious families have higher stress than the students who live in harmonious families on family environment. The students who live in single-parent families have higher stress than the students who live in nuclear families and families with several generations together on parental rearing pattern and their own physical and mental health; (3) Parental rearing pattern, peers, society-culture and physical and mental health have significant negative predictive effect on general life satisfaction in junior high school students.
Key words
junior high school student psychological stress general life satisfaction
(责任编校:焦青)
[1]